Alabama capital gains tax (2026)
South · Taxed as ordinary income · combined top long-term 28.8%
In Alabama, the effective top rate on long-term capital gains is about 5%. Added to the federal top long-term rate of 23.8% (20% plus the 3.8% NIIT), the illustrative combined top long-term rate is 28.8% - ranking #19 of 51 states. Taxes capital gains as ordinary income at the top 5% rate; no preferential capital-gains rate or general exclusion. This is the top-bracket case, not what a typical filer pays, and not tax advice.
Source: Tax Foundation, 2026 state income tax rates. Data as of June 2026.
How Alabama taxes capital gains
Taxes capital gains as ordinary income at the top 5% rate; no preferential capital-gains rate or general exclusion.
| Component | Rate |
|---|---|
| Federal long-term rate (top) | 20% |
| Net Investment Income Tax (NIIT) | 3.8% |
| Federal subtotal (top long-term) | 23.8% |
| Alabama effective top long-term rate | 5% |
| Combined top long-term rate | 28.8% |
Source: Tax Foundation, 2026 state income tax rates. Data as of June 2026.
The federal subtotal of 23.8% applies only to top-bracket long-term gains; lower-income filers pay 0% or 15% federally. The Alabama figure is the effective top long-term rate.
Worked example
On a $100,000 long-term gain for a top-bracket investor in Alabama: the state takes roughly 5% (about $5,000), federal long-term tax is $20,000, and the 3.8% NIIT adds $3,800 - a combined estimate near $28,800, an effective rate close to 28.8%. Lower-income filers pay less federally (15% or 0%).
Estimate only. Use the calculator with your own numbers.
How Alabama ranks
| Measure | Alabama | Rank (1 = highest) |
|---|---|---|
| Combined top long-term rate | 28.8% | #19 of 51 |
| State effective top long-term rate | 5% |
States with a similar capital gains burden
| State | State treatment | Combined top long-term rate |
|---|---|---|
| Alabama (this state) | Taxed as ordinary income | 28.8% |
| Massachusetts | Special rate 5% | 28.8% |
| Illinois | Taxed as ordinary income | 28.75% |
| West Virginia | Taxed as ordinary income | 28.62% |
| Georgia | Taxed as ordinary income | 28.99% |
| Vermont | 40% exclusion | 29.05% |
Frequently asked questions
Does Alabama tax capital gains?
Yes. Taxes capital gains as ordinary income at the top 5% rate; no preferential capital-gains rate or general exclusion. On top of the state tax you also owe federal capital gains tax (0/15/20% long-term) and, for higher earners, the 3.8% NIIT.
What is the capital gains tax rate in Alabama in 2026?
Alabama's effective top rate on long-term capital gains is about 5%. Combined with the top federal long-term rate of 23.8%, the illustrative combined top rate is 28.8% - the top-bracket case, not what most filers pay.
How does Alabama compare with other states on capital gains?
On the illustrative combined top long-term rate, Alabama ranks #19 of 51 (1 = highest). States are compared on their effective top long-term rate plus the federal 23.8% top. See the rankings for the full picture.
Are short-term capital gains taxed differently in Alabama?
Generally short-term gains are taxed as ordinary Alabama income (the headline rate), while any state preferential rate or exclusion usually applies only to long-term gains. Federally, short-term gains are ordinary income (up to 37%).
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Sources & accuracy
Alabama treatment from Tax Foundation, 2026 state income tax rates and the state revenue department (find Alabama's tax authority). Federal figures from the IRS. Data as of June 2026 for the 2026 tax year. Rates change and special rules have conditions - this is general information, not tax advice. Verify with the official source or a tax professional. See our methodology and disclaimer.
Last updated: 2026-06-21